(1900–1975)
Gnostic Sage
Abdul al-Khayyum was born in Afghanistan. He is considered one of the prime spiritual successors to the great Naqshbandi-Mujaddidi Shaykh Hussin Ahmad Madani (1879–1957) of Uttar Pradesh, India. Abdul al-Khayyum had travelled to India to seek the spiritual blessing of the great Madani.Abdul-al-Khayyum's most well known successors, as well as Abdullah Dougan (1918–1987) of Auckland, NZ, were Muhammad Ma'sum (d. 2021) of Afghanistan, Azad Rasool (d. 2006) of Delhi.
Muhammad Ma'sum later settled in London where he established the Naqshbandi-Haqqani community.
Azad Rasools earlier teacher was Shaykh Shah Abrarur Rahman (d. 1925) of Kaori. Azad Rasool travelled to Afghanistan to seek the spiritual blessing of Abdul al-Khayyum. He returned to India where he taught until his death, when his son Hamid Hasan Azad continued that tradition, with his students also spreading the teaching into the western world.